Greenhouse gases include water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone and some artificial chemicals such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) The absorbed energy warms the atmosphere and the surface of the Earth This process maintains the Earth's temperature at around 33 degrees Celsius warmer than it would otherwise be, allowing life on Earth to exist Enhanced greenhouse effect ATom is a NASA EVS2 mission to study the impact of humanproduced air pollution on greenhouse gases and on chemically reactive gases in the atmosphere ATom deployed an extensive gas and aerosol payload on NASA's DC8 aircraft for systematic, globalscale sampling of the atmosphere, profiling continuously from 02 to 12 km altitude The 'greenhouse effect' is the warming of climate that results when the atmosphere traps heat radiating from Earth toward space Certain gases in the atmosphere resemble glass in a greenhouse, allowing sunlight to pass into the 'greenhouse,' but blocking Earth's heat from escaping into space The gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect
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Right amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
Right amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere-8 rows Greenhouse gas Chemical formula Global Warming Potential, 100year time horizon AtmosphericCarbon dioxide concentrations have increased substantially since the beginning of the industrial era, rising from an annual average of 280 ppm in the late 1700s to 410 ppm in 19 (average of five sites in Figure 1)—a 46 percent increase Almost all of this increase is due to human activities 1
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This imbalance between greenhouse gas emissions and the ability for natural processes to absorb those emissions has resulted in a continued increase in atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases Concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere have increased by about 40% since the mid1800sCLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS OPPORTUNITIES If we double the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere we expect to get a change in climate Ocean acidification, as co2 rises in the atmosphere the ocean absorbs it With a rise in co2 the ocean becomes more acidic as it dissolved in the salt water and forms carbonic acid this is corrosive to the shells and skeletons of manyWhen it is less than zero, it has a cooling effect
NOAA's Annual Greenhouse Gas Index, which tracks the warming influence of longlived greenhouse gases, has increased by 41 percent from 1990 to 17, up 1 percent from 16 with most of that attributable to rising carbon dioxide levels, according to NOAA climate scientists The greenhouse gas index is based on precise measurements of gases in the atmosphere,Climate change impacts can be mitigated by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and by enhancing sinks that absorb greenhouse gases from the atmosphere In order to limit global warming to less than 15 °C with a high likelihood of success, global greenhouse gas emissions needs to be netzero by 50, or by 70 with a 2 °C target Methane, by contrast, is mostly removed from the atmosphere by chemical reaction, persisting for about 12 years Thus although methane is a potent greenhouse gas, its effect is relatively shortlived
The amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere in the future will depend on the choices people make For example, if we continue to depend on coal, oil, and natural gas for most of our energy, the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere will continue to increaseThe ratio of water component of the greenhouse effect to the CO 2 component is about 159 to 1 This means that the water vapor content of the atmosphere has to only fall from 041 percent to 0407 to wipe out the greenhouse effect of all the CO 2 in the atmosphere Given this sensitivity to the water vapor content it is clear that we really do not know whether the greenhouse gas To reduce the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere and fight deforestation, it may be a good idea to plant trees or take part in tree planting campaigns Separate collection is a simple and effective way to face greenhouse gas emissions and to pollute less Reduce meat consumption and prefer a diet rich in vegetables
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Since measurements first started at Mauna Loa, Hawaii, atmospheric levels of CO 2 have risen from 315 ppm in 1958 to over 400 ppm today Concentrations are expected to stay above 400 ppm for many generations, because CO 2 can remain in the atmosphere for hundreds of years CO 2 is a longlived greenhouse gas responsible for roughly 65 percent of the total warming effect caused by greenhouse gasesThe amount of greenhouse gases that the UK produces is calculated annually by the Department for Energy and Climate Change (DECC) Researchers at the University of Bristol independently verify these estimates using atmospheric measurements, making the UK one of only three countries in the world that does so Greenhouse Gas Share of Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions Volume;
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Wildfires emit more greenhouse gases than assumed in state climate targets A new study quantifying the amount of carbon stored and released through California forests and wildlands finds that wildfires and deforestation are contributing more than expected to the state's greenhouse gas emissions The 13 Rim Fire in California burned more As concerning as the growing amount of greenhouse gases is the increasing rate at which concentrations are rising In the first 0 years following the Industrial Revolution (), the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increasedThe greenhouse effect is not a bad thing Without it, our planet would be too cold for life as we know it But if the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere changes, the strength of the greenhouse effect changes too This is the cause of humanmade climate change by adding greenhouse gases to the atmosphere, we are trapping more heat
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Very roughly, each doubling of atmospheric carbon dioxide has the same effect on surface temperature Going from the level of carbon dioxide in the air before the industrial revolution, 280 parts per million by volume (280 ppm) to twice that, 560 ppm, andFluorinated Gases (HFCs, PFCs, SF 6) Fluorinated gases are emitted in smaller quantities than the other greenhouse gases, but what they lack in volume they can make up in potency and long lifespans in the atmosphere, ranging from 1270 years for HFCs to ,000 years for PFCs and about 3,0 years for SF6A molecule of a greenhouse gas has more of a warming influence when the gas is rarer;
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Of the greenhouse gases released by anthropogenic activities, carbon dioxide has received much attention Measurements of carbon dioxide in air bubbles trapped in ice and the continuous measurement of carbon dioxide concentrations in air samples collected at Mauna Loa, Hawaii, since 1958 show that the atmospheric concentration of more than 400 ppmv is roughly 45 percentBut at the landfill, the food and yard waste that trash contains is decomposing and releasing methane, a greenhouse gas that's 28 times more potent than carbon dioxide Landfill gas also contributes to smog, worsening health problems like asthma Globally, trash released nearly 800 million metric tons (8 million tons) of CO2 equivalent inThe strength of this effect depends upon the atmosphere's temperature and the amount of greenhouse gases present in the atmosphere The primary greenhouse gases known are water vapor (H 2 O), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), nitrous oxide (N 2 O), and ozone (O 3 )
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